Supplemental Material
Following are the MS-DOS Internal and External commands together with a brief description.
This list can be used to select the appropriate DOS command to perform a specific function.
To obtain detailed information on the usage of any one command, use the Help command;
for example, to obtain information on the APPEND command, type the following at the DOS
prompt: Help append
The list of commands shown below was obtained using the DOS command “FASTHELP”. The
DOS commands in bold text are those that the user is most likely to need and use.
DOS
Description
Command
Allows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were
APPEND
in the current directory.
ATTRIB Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
CD Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHOICE Prompts the user to make a choice in a batch program.
CLS Clears the screen.
2
COMMAND Starts a new instance of the MS-DOS command interpreter.
COMP Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COPY Copies one or more files to another location.
Changes the terminal device used to control your
CTTY
system.
DATE Displays or sets the date.
DBLSPACE Creates and manages drives compressed by using DoubleSpace.
DEBUG Starts Debug, a program testing and editing tool.
DEFRAG Reorganizes the files on a disk to optimize the disk.
DEL Deletes one or more files.
DELOLDOS Deletes the OLD_DOS.1 directory and the files it contains.
DELTREE Deletes a directory and all the files and subdirectories in it.
DIR Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKCOMP Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
Edits command lines, recalls MS-DOS commands, and creates
DOSKEY
macros.
DOSSHELL Starts MS-DOS Shell.
DRVSPACE Creates and manages drives compressed by using DriveSpace.
ECHO Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
EDIT Starts MS-DOS Editor, which creates and changes ASCII files.
EMM386 Enables or disables EMM386 expanded memory support.
ERASE Deletes one or more files.
EXIT Quits the COMMAND.COM program (command interpreter).
EXPAND Decompresses one or more compressed files.
FASTHELP Provides summary Help information for MS-DOS commands.
Decreases the amount of time needed to open frequently used files a
FASTOPEN
directories.
Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences
FC
between them.
FDISK Configures a hard disk for use with MS-DOS.
FIND Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FOR Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT Formats a disk for use with MS-DOS.
GRAPHICS Loads a program that can print graphics.
Provides complete, interactive Help information for MS-DOS
HELP
commands.
INTERLNK Connects two computers via parallel or serial ports.
INTERSVR Starts the Interlnk server.
KEYB Configures a keyboard for a specific language.
LABEL Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
LH Loads a program into the upper memory area.
LOADFIX Loads a program above the first 64K of memory, and runs the progr
LOADHIGH Loads a program into the upper memory area.
MD Creates a directory.
MEM Displays the amount of used and free memory in your system.
Starts the Memmaker program, which optimizes your computer
MEMMAKER
memory.
MKDIR Creates a directory.
MODE Configures a system device.
MORE Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE Moves one or more files. Also renames files and directories.
MSAV Scans your computer for known viruses.
MSBACKUP Backs up or restores one or more files from one disk to another.
MSD Provides detailed technical information about your computer.
NLSFUNC Loads country-specific information.
PATH Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POWER Turns power management on and off.
PRINT Prints a text file while you are using other MS-DOS commands.
PROMPT Changes the MS-DOS command prompt.
QBASIC Starts the MS-DOS QBasic programming environment.
RD Removes a directory.
REN Renames a file or files.
RENAME Renames a file or files.
REPLACE Replaces files.
RESTORE Restores files that were backed up by using the BACKUP command
RMDIR Removes a directory.
SCANDISK Checks a drive for errors and repairs any problems it finds.
SET Displays, sets, or removes MS-DOS environment variables.
SETVER Sets the version number that MS-DOS reports to a program.
SHARE Installs file-sharing and locking capabilities on your hard disk.
SORT Sorts input.
SUBST Associates a path with a drive letter.
Copies MS-DOS system files and command interpreter to a dis
SYS
specify.
TIME Displays or sets the system time.
TREE Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.
TYPE Displays the contents of a text file.
UNDELETE Restores files previously deleted with the DEL command.
UNFORMAT Restores a disk erased by the FORMAT command.
VER Displays the MS-DOS version.
Directs MS-DOS to verify that your files are written correctly to a
VERIFY
disk.
VOL Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
VSAFE Continuously monitors your computer for viruses.
XCOPY Copies files (except hidden and system files) and directory trees.
Following are the MS-DOS Internal and External commands together with a brief description.
This list can be used to select the appropriate DOS command to perform a specific function.
To obtain detailed information on the usage of any one command, use the Help command;
for example, to obtain information on the APPEND command, type the following at the DOS
prompt: Help append
The list of commands shown below was obtained using the DOS command “FASTHELP”. The
DOS commands in bold text are those that the user is most likely to need and use.
DOS
Description
Command
Allows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were
APPEND
in the current directory.
ATTRIB Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
CD Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHOICE Prompts the user to make a choice in a batch program.
CLS Clears the screen.
2
COMMAND Starts a new instance of the MS-DOS command interpreter.
COMP Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COPY Copies one or more files to another location.
Changes the terminal device used to control your
CTTY
system.
DATE Displays or sets the date.
DBLSPACE Creates and manages drives compressed by using DoubleSpace.
DEBUG Starts Debug, a program testing and editing tool.
DEFRAG Reorganizes the files on a disk to optimize the disk.
DEL Deletes one or more files.
DELOLDOS Deletes the OLD_DOS.1 directory and the files it contains.
DELTREE Deletes a directory and all the files and subdirectories in it.
DIR Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKCOMP Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
Edits command lines, recalls MS-DOS commands, and creates
DOSKEY
macros.
DOSSHELL Starts MS-DOS Shell.
DRVSPACE Creates and manages drives compressed by using DriveSpace.
ECHO Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
EDIT Starts MS-DOS Editor, which creates and changes ASCII files.
EMM386 Enables or disables EMM386 expanded memory support.
ERASE Deletes one or more files.
EXIT Quits the COMMAND.COM program (command interpreter).
EXPAND Decompresses one or more compressed files.
FASTHELP Provides summary Help information for MS-DOS commands.
Decreases the amount of time needed to open frequently used files a
FASTOPEN
directories.
Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences
FC
between them.
FDISK Configures a hard disk for use with MS-DOS.
FIND Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FOR Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT Formats a disk for use with MS-DOS.
GRAPHICS Loads a program that can print graphics.
Provides complete, interactive Help information for MS-DOS
HELP
commands.
INTERLNK Connects two computers via parallel or serial ports.
INTERSVR Starts the Interlnk server.
KEYB Configures a keyboard for a specific language.
LABEL Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
LH Loads a program into the upper memory area.
LOADFIX Loads a program above the first 64K of memory, and runs the progr
LOADHIGH Loads a program into the upper memory area.
MD Creates a directory.
MEM Displays the amount of used and free memory in your system.
Starts the Memmaker program, which optimizes your computer
MEMMAKER
memory.
MKDIR Creates a directory.
MODE Configures a system device.
MORE Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE Moves one or more files. Also renames files and directories.
MSAV Scans your computer for known viruses.
MSBACKUP Backs up or restores one or more files from one disk to another.
MSD Provides detailed technical information about your computer.
NLSFUNC Loads country-specific information.
PATH Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POWER Turns power management on and off.
PRINT Prints a text file while you are using other MS-DOS commands.
PROMPT Changes the MS-DOS command prompt.
QBASIC Starts the MS-DOS QBasic programming environment.
RD Removes a directory.
REN Renames a file or files.
RENAME Renames a file or files.
REPLACE Replaces files.
RESTORE Restores files that were backed up by using the BACKUP command
RMDIR Removes a directory.
SCANDISK Checks a drive for errors and repairs any problems it finds.
SET Displays, sets, or removes MS-DOS environment variables.
SETVER Sets the version number that MS-DOS reports to a program.
SHARE Installs file-sharing and locking capabilities on your hard disk.
SORT Sorts input.
SUBST Associates a path with a drive letter.
Copies MS-DOS system files and command interpreter to a dis
SYS
specify.
TIME Displays or sets the system time.
TREE Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.
TYPE Displays the contents of a text file.
UNDELETE Restores files previously deleted with the DEL command.
UNFORMAT Restores a disk erased by the FORMAT command.
VER Displays the MS-DOS version.
Directs MS-DOS to verify that your files are written correctly to a
VERIFY
disk.
VOL Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
VSAFE Continuously monitors your computer for viruses.
XCOPY Copies files (except hidden and system files) and directory trees.
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